Micasal (Tyrothricin)

Tyrothricin is applied to the skin to address bacterial conditions affecting the epidermis and superficial tissues.

• Minor skin infections: reduces bacterial load and supports healing of localized infections.
• Superficial wound infections: prevents colonisation of bacteria in small cuts or abrasions.
• Burns and abrasions: provides antibacterial protection to damaged skin surfaces.

• Tyrothricin consists of a mixture of polypeptide antibiotics that insert into bacterial cell membranes, disrupting membrane integrity and causing rapid leakage of intracellular contents. This leads to bacterial cell death without requiring intracellular metabolic activation, making it effective against a broad range of Gram‑positive organisms on the skin surface.

Topical application of Tyrothricin may cause local reactions in some users.

Common Side Effects

• Skin irritation: mild redness or burning at the application site.
• Itching: transient pruritus around the treated area.
• Dryness: temporary loss of moisture on the skin.
• Contact dermatitis: mild allergic skin response.
• Stinging sensation: brief discomfort upon first use.
• Erythema: localized redness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe allergic reaction: anaphylaxis or angioedema requiring immediate medical attention.
• Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: rare but serious mucocutaneous disorder.
• Bullous dermatitis: formation of blisters on the skin.
• Systemic toxicity: extremely rare absorption leading to systemic effects.
• Necrotizing fasciitis: very rare, secondary infection.
• Persistent ulceration: prolonged skin breakdown at the site.

When using Tyrothricin, consider the following safety measures.

• Allergy assessment: avoid if known hypersensitivity to tyrothricin or related polypeptide antibiotics.
• Application area: limit use to intact skin; do not apply to mucous membranes or open wounds unless directed.
• Age restrictions: not recommended for infants under two months without medical supervision.
• Concurrent skin conditions: use with caution on eczema, psoriasis, or other compromised skin.
• Pregnancy and lactation: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Tyrothricin may interact with other topical agents, affecting efficacy or irritation risk.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Other topical antibiotics: increased risk of local irritation.
• Topical corticosteroids: may reduce antibacterial effectiveness.
• Occlusive dressings: can enhance absorption leading to irritation.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antiseptics such as chlorhexidine: possible chemical incompatibility.
• Alcohol‑based moisturizers: may increase skin irritation.
• Phototoxic agents: heightened risk of photosensitivity when exposed to sunlight.