Product image of Mirena (Levonorgestrel) supplied by GNH India

Mirena

Active Ingredient:
Levonorgestrel
Origin:
EU

Mirena (Levonorgestrel)

Levonorgestrel, the active ingredient in Mirena, is a progestin presented as a 52 mg intrauterine system for intrauterine use. It prevents pregnancy and can be used to manage heavy menstrual bleeding in women of reproductive age.

GNH India supplies Mirena as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Bayer B.V.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

  • Mirena, a levonorgestrel intrauterine system, is employed within hormonal contraceptive and menstrual‑management pathways.
  • Contraception: provides highly effective, reversible birth control for up to five years.
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding: reduces menstrual blood loss and improves anemia associated with excessive bleeding.
  • Endometrial hyperplasia (non‑cancerous): suppresses endometrial proliferation in selected cases.

How It Works

  • Levonorgestrel released from Mirena acts locally on the uterine environment. It binds to progesterone receptors in the cervical mucus, causing thickening that hinders sperm penetration, and suppresses the proliferative phase of the endometrium, leading to a thin, atrophic lining. The hormone also reduces tubal motility, creating conditions unfavorable for fertilisation and implantation.

Side Effects

Adverse reactions to Mirena are reported across a spectrum of frequencies.

Common Side Effects

  • Irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting
  • Amenorrhea (absence of periods)
  • Pelvic or cramping pain after insertion
  • Hormonal changes such as acne or breast tenderness

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Uterine perforation during insertion
  • Expulsion of the device
  • Pelvic inflammatory infection
  • Ectopic pregnancy if conception occurs after expulsion

Precautions & Warnings

  • Before prescribing Mirena, clinicians should consider several precautionary measures.
  • Pregnancy screening: confirm the patient is not pregnant prior to insertion.
  • Contraindications: avoid use in active pelvic infection, uterine anomalies, or known/suspected malignancy.
  • Follow‑up examination: schedule a pelvic check 4–6 weeks after insertion to verify placement.
  • Signs of expulsion: educate patients to report unexpected vaginal discharge or feeling of device.
  • Interaction with hormonal therapies: assess concurrent use of other hormonal contraceptives.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep the device below 25 °C in its original packaging, protected from moisture and direct sunlight.

Avoid Interactions

Levonorgestrel released from Mirena may have pharmacokinetic interactions with certain medicines.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Rifampin and other strong enzyme inducers (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, St. John’s wort) may reduce levonorgestrel levels.
  • Antiretroviral efavirenz can lower hormonal efficacy.
  • Antifungal ketoconazole (strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) may increase systemic exposure.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Certain antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline) have limited effect but should be noted.
  • Hormonal therapies such as combined oral contraceptives may alter bleeding patterns.
  • Herbal supplements containing phytoestrogens may require monitoring.

Frequently Asked Questions

Mirena is a levonorgestrel‑releasing intrauterine system indicated for contraception and for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding in women of reproductive age. It provides up to five years of effective birth control and can reduce menstrual blood loss.

Levonorgestrel released from the intrauterine system acts locally on the endometrium and cervical mucus. It thickens cervical mucus to impede sperm entry, suppresses endometrial proliferation, and reduces tubal motility, creating an environment that prevents fertilisation and implantation.

The dose of levonorgestrel in Mirena is fixed at 52 mg within the intrauterine system and is released at approximately 20 µg per day. The prescribing clinician determines the appropriate use and duration; patients do not adjust the dose themselves.

Mirena is not intended for use during pregnancy; it must be removed if pregnancy occurs. For breastfeeding women, the device may be left in place, but clinicians evaluate individual risk‑benefit, as levonorgestrel exposure through breast milk is low. Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential.

To order Mirena, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

Compared with combined oral contraceptives, Mirena offers a once‑in‑a‑lifetime insertion lasting up to five years, eliminating daily adherence. Unlike copper IUDs, it releases levonorgestrel, which can reduce menstrual bleeding. Its efficacy is comparable to other long‑acting reversible contraceptives but provides additional therapeutic benefit for heavy bleeding.

Mirena should be stored at ambient temperature, below 25 °C, in its original sealed packaging. Protect the device from moisture, direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Do not attempt to open or manipulate the system before insertion by a qualified healthcare professional.

Mirena is inserted by a trained clinician into the uterine cavity using a specialized applicator. The procedure is performed in a clinical setting under aseptic conditions, typically after cervical preparation. Once placed, the device remains in situ for up to five years, after which it can be removed or replaced.

Serious but rare risks include uterine perforation during insertion, device expulsion, pelvic infection, and ectopic pregnancy if conception occurs after expulsion. Women should seek immediate medical attention for severe abdominal pain, abnormal bleeding, fever or signs of infection following insertion.

Mirena is contraindicated in women with current pregnancy, active pelvic infection, unexplained vaginal bleeding, known or suspected uterine or cervical cancer, uterine anomalies that impede device placement, and those with hypersensitivity to levonorgestrel or any component of the system. A healthcare professional must assess suitability before insertion.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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