Mofecet (Bupivacaine Hydrochloride Monohydrate)

Mofecet is an amide‑type local anesthetic used in regional anesthesia and pain management.

• Spinal anesthesia: produces dense sensory and motor block for procedures requiring a regional block.
• Surgical analgesia: offers prolonged postoperative pain relief after various surgical interventions.
• Obstetric anesthesia: enables safe pain control during labor and cesarean delivery.

• Bupivacaine reversibly blocks voltage‑gated sodium channels on neuronal membranes, preventing the initiation and propagation of nerve impulses. By stabilising the neuronal membrane, it inhibits depolarisation and thus produces a reversible loss of sensation and motor function in the targeted area.

Adverse reactions may vary in frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

• Hypotension: transient drop in blood pressure.
• Bradycardia: slowed heart rate.
• Nausea: mild to moderate upset stomach.
• Dizziness: feeling of light‑headedness.
• Headache: post‑dural puncture headache.
• Transient motor weakness: temporary reduced muscle strength.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Cardiac arrhythmia: potentially life‑threatening rhythm disturbances.
• Respiratory depression: reduced breathing effort.
• Seizures: central nervous system excitation.
• Prolonged nerve block: extended loss of sensation beyond intended duration.
• Allergic reaction: rash, itching, or anaphylaxis.
• Toxic plasma concentrations: systemic toxicity with neurological and cardiovascular signs.

Careful patient assessment and monitoring are essential when using intrathecal bupivacaine.

• Patient assessment: evaluate cardiac, hepatic and renal function before administration.
• Dose calculation: ensure dose is individualized based on weight, age and clinical context.
• Monitoring: continuously observe blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory status during and after injection.
• Contraindications: avoid in patients with known hypersensitivity to amide‑type anesthetics.
• Caution in cardiac disease: use reduced doses in patients with conduction abnormalities or heart failure.
• Store at controlled room temperature: keep in original packaging, protect from light and moisture.

Bupivacaine may interact with other drugs that affect cardiac conduction or share metabolic pathways.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Other local anesthetics: additive neuro‑ and cardiotoxicity.
• Class I antiarrhythmics (e.g., quinidine): increased risk of arrhythmias.
• Beta‑blockers: may exacerbate bradycardia and hypotension.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Calcium channel blockers: potential additive hypotensive effect.
• Epinephrine: may potentiate systemic toxicity.
• CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): possible increased plasma levels.
• Vasodilators: enhanced hypotensive response.