Myloop (Ethinylestradiol, Etonogestrel)

Myloop, a combined estrogen‑progestogen contraceptive, is indicated for hormonal contraception.

• Contraception (prevention of pregnancy): provides reliable reversible birth control for women of reproductive age.
• Family planning: enables controlled spacing of pregnancies to support reproductive health goals.
• Menstrual cycle regulation: may reduce menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea while maintaining contraceptive protection.

• The vaginal ring releases ethinylestradiol and etonogestrel at a steady rate, maintaining serum concentrations that suppress the hypothalamic‑pituitary‑gonadal axis. Ethinylestradiol provides estrogenic feedback that inhibits follicular development, while etonogestrel binds progesterone receptors to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and induce endometrial changes, collectively preventing pregnancy.

Myloop may be associated with a range of adverse reactions, which are generally categorized by frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

• Vaginal irritation or discharge: mild irritation, spotting or increased discharge at the insertion site.
• Headache: transient tension‑type or migraine‑like headaches.
• Nausea or abdominal discomfort: mild gastrointestinal upset.
• Breast tenderness: temporary swelling or sensitivity of the breasts.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Thromboembolic events: deep‑vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, requiring immediate medical attention.
• Hepatic disorders: liver enzyme elevation or rare hepatic adenoma.
• Severe allergic reaction: anaphylaxis, angioedema, or Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.

Before prescribing Myloop, healthcare professionals should consider several precautionary measures to ensure patient safety.

• Pregnancy contraindication: do not use in women who are or may become pregnant.
• Smoking restriction: avoid use in women who smoke more than 15 cigarettes per day.
• History of thromboembolism: contraindicated in patients with prior venous or arterial clotting events.
• Liver disease: use with caution in patients with active liver disease or tumors.
• Breast cancer: contraindicated in current or past estrogen‑dependent breast cancer.
• Store at room temperature: keep in original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Myloop can interact with other medicines, altering its contraceptive effectiveness or increasing adverse effect risk.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Enzyme‑inducing anticonvulsants (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital): markedly reduce hormone levels, risking contraceptive failure.
• Rifampin and other strong CYP3A4 inducers: decrease ethinylestradiol and etonogestrel concentrations.
• St. John’s wort (hypericum perforatum): herbal inducer that may compromise contraceptive efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antifungal agents such as ketoconazole or itraconazole: may increase hormone exposure, requiring monitoring for side effects.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): can modestly increase risk of mood changes or bleeding.
• Antihypertensive drugs (e.g., ACE inhibitors): may require blood pressure monitoring due to possible fluid retention.