Nasentropfen Erwachsene (Xylometazoline Hydrochloride)

Xylometazoline Hydrochloride acts as a topical nasal decongestant to reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa in several upper‑respiratory conditions.

• Nasal congestion: provides rapid relief of blocked nasal passages.
• Allergic rhinitis: decreases nasal swelling and improves airflow.
• Acute sinusitis: helps alleviate nasal obstruction associated with sinus inflammation.

• Xylometazoline Hydrochloride is a selective alpha‑adrenergic receptor agonist. By stimulating α1‑ and α2‑adrenergic receptors on the vascular smooth muscle of the nasal mucosa, it induces vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow and edema. The resulting decrease in mucosal swelling opens the nasal airway, allowing improved ventilation and drainage.

Nasal drops containing Xylometazoline Hydrochloride may cause local or systemic adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Burning sensation in the nose.
• Stinging or itching.
• Nasal dryness.
• Sneezing.
• Headache.
• Mild epistaxis (nosebleed).
• Nasal crusting.
• Taste disturbance.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Persistent hypertension.
• Severe nasal irritation or ulceration.
• Allergic reaction with rash or swelling.
• Cardiac arrhythmia.
• Rebound congestion after prolonged use.
• Cerebral ischemia (very rare).

When using Xylometazoline nasal drops, observe the following precautions to minimize risks.

• Duration of use: limit to no more than 3‑5 consecutive days to avoid rebound congestion.
• Age restriction: intended for adult patients only; not for children under 12 years.
• Pre‑existing hypertension: use with caution and monitor blood pressure.
• Nasal surgery or trauma: avoid if recent nasal procedures have been performed.
• Concomitant monoamine oxidase inhibitors: consult a physician before use.
• Store below 25°C: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Xylometazoline Hydrochloride can interact with other medicines; consider the following.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): may increase risk of hypertensive events.
• Sympathomimetic decongestants (e.g., phenylephrine): additive vasoconstriction can raise blood pressure.
• Tricyclic antidepressants: potential for exaggerated cardiovascular effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Beta‑blockers: may mask tachycardia from systemic absorption.
• Antihypertensive agents: monitor blood pressure for possible elevation.
• Nasal corticosteroids: generally safe but observe for increased local irritation.