Navela (Levonorgestrel)

Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestogen used in the hormonal pathway of emergency contraception.

• Unprotected intercourse: Reduces the chance of pregnancy when taken within 72 hours after the event.
• Contraceptive failure: Provides a backup method after missed oral contraceptive pills or condom breakage.
• Delayed ovulation: Inhibits ovulation to prevent fertilisation of the egg.

• Levonorgestrel acts as a synthetic progestogen that binds to progesterone receptors in the hypothalamic‑pituitary‑ovarian axis, suppressing the luteinising hormone surge and thereby preventing or delaying ovulation. It also induces changes in the endometrial lining that reduce the likelihood of implantation should fertilisation occur.

Levonorgestrel is generally well tolerated, but some users experience adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: Mild to moderate upset stomach.
• Abdominal pain: Cramping or discomfort in the lower abdomen.
• Fatigue: Temporary feeling of tiredness.
• Headache: Mild to moderate head pain.
• Dizziness: Light‑headed sensation.
• Menstrual changes: Spotting or altered timing of the next period.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reaction: Rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
• Severe abdominal pain: Persistent or worsening pain may indicate complications.
• Vomiting blood or severe gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Chest pain or palpitations.
• Severe headache or visual disturbances.
• Liver dysfunction: Unusual jaundice or elevated liver enzymes.

Before using Navela, consider the following safety measures.

• Timing of intake: Take as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours.
• Contraindications: Do not use if there is a known hypersensitivity to levonorgestrel or any tablet excipients.
• Medical conditions: Use with caution in women with active liver disease or uncontrolled epilepsy.
• Pregnancy status: Not intended for use if the user is already pregnant; confirm pregnancy status when possible.
• Drug interactions: Review concurrent medications that may reduce efficacy, such as enzyme‑inducing agents.
• Store at ambient temperature: Keep below 25 °C, in the original packaging, protected from moisture and light.

Levonorgestrel may interact with several medicines that affect its effectiveness.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Combined hormonal contraceptives: May reduce the effectiveness of emergency contraception.
• Antiepileptic drugs (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin): Can lower levonorgestrel plasma levels.
• Rifampin and other strong enzyme inducers: Decrease efficacy of the tablet.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antifungal azoles (e.g., ketoconazole): May increase levonorgestrel exposure, requiring observation.
• St. John’s wort: Potential modest reduction in effectiveness; monitor timing of intake.