Nitroglicerina Bioindustria L.I.M. (Glyceryl Trinitrate)

Glyceryl Trinitrate acts on the cardiovascular system to relieve ischemic chest pain and reduce cardiac workload.

• Acute angina pectoris: quickly alleviates chest pain by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand.
• Acute decompensated heart failure: improves cardiac output by reducing preload and afterload.
• Hypertensive emergencies: lowers blood pressure rapidly through systemic vasodilation.

• Glyceryl Trinitrate releases nitric oxide in vascular smooth muscle, activating soluble guanylate cyclase. The resulting increase in cyclic GMP leads to relaxation of venous and arterial smooth muscle, producing venodilation and arterial dilation that reduce preload, afterload, and myocardial oxygen consumption.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: throbbing pain often occurring shortly after administration.
• Hypotension: drop in blood pressure that may cause dizziness.
• Flushing: warm sensation and redness of the skin.
• Tachycardia: compensatory increase in heart rate.
• Nausea: mild gastrointestinal upset.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Methemoglobinemia: abnormal hemoglobin that impairs oxygen delivery.
• Severe hypotension: potentially leading to syncope.
• Myocardial ischemia: paradoxical worsening of chest pain.
• Allergic reactions: rash, itching, or anaphylaxis.
• Life‑threatening arrhythmias: irregular heart rhythms requiring urgent care.

Glyceryl Trinitrate requires careful monitoring and specific safety measures.

• Blood pressure monitoring: check systolic pressure before and during infusion.
• Severe anemia caution: avoid use in patients with markedly reduced hemoglobin.
• Phosphodiesterase‑5 inhibitor avoidance: do not combine with sildenafil, tadalafil, or similar agents.
• Recent myocardial infarction: use only under specialist supervision.
• Tolerance risk: avoid abrupt discontinuation after prolonged therapy.
• Store at below 25°C: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Glyceryl Trinitrate can interact with several drug classes, requiring attention to combination therapy.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Other nitrates: additive vasodilatory effect may cause severe hypotension.
• Phosphodiesterase‑5 inhibitors: risk of profound hypotension.
• Systemic antihypertensives: may lead to excessive blood pressure drop.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Beta‑blockers: may blunt compensatory tachycardia.
• Calcium channel blockers: can enhance vasodilatory response.
• Diuretics: may increase risk of volume depletion and hypotension.
• Alcohol: additive hypotensive effect.
• Inhaled anesthetics: may potentiate cardiovascular depression.