Product image of Nizoral (Ketoconazole) supplied by GNH India

Nizoral

Active Ingredient:
Ketoconazole
Origin:
EU

Nizoral (Ketoconazole)

Ketoconazole, the active ingredient in Nizoral, is an azole antifungal presented as a topical formulation for skin application. It is used to treat fungal skin infections such as tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, seborrheic dermatitis and pityriasis versicolor.
GNH India supplies Nizoral as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Centrafarm B.V.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Ketoconazole acts on dermatophyte and yeast infections of the skin, reducing fungal growth and associated inflammation.

  • Tinea corporis: clears ring‑shaped fungal lesions on the body.
  • Tinea cruris: relieves itching and redness in the groin area.
  • Tinea pedis: treats athlete’s foot and reduces scaling.
  • Seborrheic dermatitis: diminishes flaking and erythema on scalp and face.
  • Pityriasis versicolor: eliminates discolored patches caused by Malassezia species.

How It Works

  • Ketoconazole inhibits the fungal enzyme lanosterol 14α‑demethylase, a key step in ergosterol synthesis. By blocking ergosterol production, the drug disrupts the integrity of the fungal cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and ultimately cell death, thereby controlling the infection.

Side Effects

Topical ketoconazole is generally well tolerated, but local reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

  • Burning sensation: mild to moderate heat at the application site.
  • Itching: transient pruritus during treatment.
  • Skin irritation: redness or mild inflammation.
  • Dryness: temporary loss of moisture on treated skin.
  • Peeling: superficial desquamation as the lesion resolves.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Allergic contact dermatitis: severe rash, swelling, or hives.
  • Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: rare but life‑threatening skin reaction.
  • Systemic absorption leading to hepatotoxicity: elevated liver enzymes in susceptible individuals.
  • Severe photosensitivity: exaggerated sunburn response.
  • Anaphylaxis: acute, potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction.

Precautions & Warnings

Before using topical ketoconazole, consider the following safety measures.

  • Avoid application on broken or inflamed skin: may increase systemic absorption.
  • Keep away from eyes and mucous membranes: can cause irritation.
  • Discontinue if severe irritation or allergic reaction occurs: seek medical advice.
  • Do not use with other topical irritants or corticosteroids unless directed.
  • Store at below 25°C: keep in original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Avoid Interactions

Ketoconazole can interact with other medications, especially when systemic absorption is possible.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole oral, itraconazole): may increase systemic ketoconazole levels.
  • Warfarin: enhanced anticoagulant effect, monitor INR closely.
  • Oral contraceptives: reduced efficacy, consider alternative contraception.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Other topical antifungals: risk of additive irritation.
  • Systemic steroids: may mask signs of infection.
  • Antihistamines: possible increased sedation if systemic exposure occurs.

Frequently Asked Questions

Nizoral is a topical antifungal indicated for skin infections such as tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), seborrheic dermatitis (scalp and facial flaking), and pityriasis versicolor (discolored patches). It works by eliminating the fungi responsible for these conditions.

Ketoconazole blocks the fungal enzyme lanosterol 14α‑demethylase, which is essential for producing ergosterol, a key component of the fungal cell membrane. Without ergosterol, the membrane becomes unstable, leading to cell leakage and death of the fungus.

The specific amount and frequency of Nizoral application are determined by the prescribing healthcare professional based on the infection type, severity, and patient factors. Patients should follow the prescriber’s instructions and not alter the regimen on their own.

Safety data for topical ketoconazole in pregnancy and lactation are limited. Healthcare providers usually weigh potential benefits against risks before prescribing. Women who are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding should discuss use with their clinician.

To request Nizoral, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

Nizoral (ketoconazole) belongs to the azole class, offering broad‑spectrum activity against dermatophytes and yeasts. Compared with allylamine agents like terbinafine, azoles may have a slightly slower onset but are effective for a wide range of skin infections and are often chosen for seborrheic dermatitis due to anti‑inflammatory properties.

Store Nizoral at temperatures below 25 °C in its original packaging. Protect the product from moisture, direct sunlight and extreme heat to maintain stability and potency throughout its shelf life.

Apply a thin layer of the cream or lotion to the affected skin area once or twice daily, as directed by the prescriber. Gently rub it in until fully absorbed, and wash hands after application to avoid accidental contact with eyes or other mucous membranes.

Although rare, serious adverse reactions can include severe allergic dermatitis, Stevens‑Johnson syndrome, systemic hepatotoxicity from significant absorption, and anaphylaxis. Patients should stop use and seek immediate medical attention if they experience widespread rash, blistering, fever, or signs of liver dysfunction.

Individuals with known hypersensitivity to ketoconazole or any component of the formulation should avoid Nizoral. It is also contraindicated on extensive broken skin, open wounds, or in patients with a history of severe drug reactions without prior medical evaluation.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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