Nurofen Pharmacy Only (Ibuprofen)

Ibuprofen acts as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve symptoms associated with various painful or inflammatory conditions.

• Pain: provides analgesic relief for mild to moderate acute pain.
• Fever: reduces elevated body temperature associated with febrile illnesses.
• Inflammation: diminishes swelling and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders.
• Dysmenorrhea: alleviates menstrual cramps and associated discomfort.
• Dental pain: eases pain following dental procedures or toothache.

• Ibuprofen non‑selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase‑1 (COX‑1) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) enzymes, which blocks the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. By lowering prostaglandin synthesis, it reduces peripheral sensitization, fever generation in the hypothalamus, and inflammatory processes in tissues, resulting in analgesic, antipyretic, and anti‑inflammatory effects.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild stomach upset or queasiness.
• Heartburn: burning sensation in the chest or throat.
• Headache: transient mild to moderate head pain.
• Dizziness: feeling light‑headed or unsteady.
• Gastrointestinal discomfort: mild abdominal pain or indigestion.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration.
• Renal impairment or reduced kidney function.
• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) with rash, swelling, or breathing difficulty.
• Liver injury presenting as jaundice or elevated enzymes.
• Cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke, especially with high‑dose or prolonged use.

Before using ibuprofen, consider the following precautions:

• Assess renal function: evaluate kidney status, especially in patients with pre‑existing renal disease.
• Avoid in active ulcer disease: do not use if you have a current gastrointestinal ulcer or bleeding.
• Use lowest effective dose: limit duration and dose to the minimum needed for symptom control.
• Consult physician if pregnant or breastfeeding: discuss risks, as ibuprofen is Category B.
• Do not combine with other NSAIDs or anticoagulants without medical advice.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture and heat.

Ibuprofen may interact with other medicines. Review the following groups:

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of bleeding.
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may reduce antihypertensive effect and impair kidney function.
• Lithium: ibuprofen can raise lithium serum levels, risking toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Methotrexate: ibuprofen can increase methotrexate toxicity.
• Diuretics: may enhance renal side effects.
• SSRIs or other antidepressants: heightened bleeding risk.
• Alcohol: concurrent use can increase gastrointestinal irritation.