Nistatină Atb (Nystatin)

Nistatină Atb is a polyene antifungal used to manage Candida infections of the mucosal and gastrointestinal tracts.

• Oral candidiasis (thrush): reduces fungal burden and relieves symptoms such as soreness and white plaques in the mouth.
• Esophageal candidiasis: decreases fungal invasion of the esophageal lining, promoting healing and improving swallowing comfort.
• Intestinal candidiasis: controls overgrowth of Candida in the gut, helping to alleviate abdominal discomfort, bloating and diarrhea.

• Nystatin binds selectively to ergosterol, a key sterol component of fungal cell membranes. This binding creates pores that increase membrane permeability, leading to leakage of intracellular electrolytes and macromolecules, ultimately causing fungal cell death while sparing human cells that lack ergosterol.

Nistatină Atb may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate upset stomach.
• Vomiting: occasional episodes after dosing.
• Abdominal cramps: transient discomfort.
• Diarrhea: loose stools during treatment.
• Altered taste: temporary metallic or bitter sensation.
• Mild skin rash: localized erythema.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Anaphylactic reaction: severe allergy requiring immediate medical attention.
• Hepatotoxicity: signs of liver injury such as jaundice.
• Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: severe skin blistering.
• Neutropenia: marked reduction in white blood cells.
• Severe gastrointestinal bleeding: uncommon but serious.
• Persistent high fever: may indicate systemic infection.

Before prescribing Nistatină Atb, clinicians should consider several safety aspects.

• Renal impairment: monitor renal function and adjust therapy if needed.
• Hepatic dysfunction: use with caution and observe liver enzymes.
• Immunocompromised patients: watch for breakthrough fungal infections.
• Pregnancy: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Drug interactions: review all concomitant medications for potential effects.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Nistatină Atb can interact with other medicines; some combinations should be avoided while others require monitoring.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Concurrent use with nephrotoxic agents: may increase risk of renal toxicity.
• Co‑administration with cholestyramine: reduces nystatin absorption and efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Broad‑spectrum antibiotics: may alter gut flora and affect fungal balance.
• Other antifungal agents: potential additive toxicity, especially hepatotoxicity.
• Oral contraceptives: monitor effectiveness as gut flora changes can influence hormone levels.