Oftacortal (Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate)

Oftacortal, a corticosteroid acting on inflammatory pathways in the eye, is used for several ophthalmic conditions:

• Post‑operative inflammation: Reduces swelling and pain after eye surgery.
• Anterior uveitis: Controls intra‑ocular inflammation in the anterior segment.
• Allergic conjunctivitis: Relieves redness, itching and swelling caused by allergens.
• Ocular edema edema: Decreases fluid accumulation in the cornea and anterior chamber.

• Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is a synthetic glucocorticoid that penetrates ocular tissues and binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors. This complex modulates gene transcription, suppressing pro‑inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin synthesis and leukocyte migration, resulting in a potent anti‑inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect within the eye.

Adverse reactions to dexamethasone sodium phosphate in ophthalmic preparations are generally related to local irritation and systemic steroid exposure.

Common Side Effects

• Eye irritation: Burning or stinging sensation.
• Increased intra‑ocular pressure: Transient rise detectable on exam.
• Blurred vision: Temporary visual disturbance.
• Conjunctival hyperemia: Redness of the eye surface.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Secondary ocular infection: Bacterial or fungal infection due to immunosuppression.
• Cataract formation: Accelerated lens opacity with prolonged use.
• Glaucoma: Persistent elevation of intra‑ocular pressure leading to optic nerve damage.
• Systemic adrenal suppression: Reduced endogenous cortisol production.

When using Oftacortal, clinicians should consider several safety measures:

• Monitor intra‑ocular pressure: Regular checks during therapy.
• Assess infection risk: Avoid use in active ocular infections unless combined with antimicrobial therapy.
• Evaluate systemic steroid exposure: Consider patient history of diabetes or hypertension.
• Use lowest effective dose: Limit duration to reduce adverse effects.
• Store at ambient temperature: Keep below 25°C, in original packaging, protected from moisture.

Oftacortal may interact with other ophthalmic and systemic medications. Awareness of these interactions helps maintain therapeutic effectiveness.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Antifungal s : Potential P P  

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