Oftan Chlora (Chloramphenicol)

Chloramphenicol is used for bacterial eye infections, acting on the ocular surface to inhibit bacterial growth.

• Conjunctivitis: reduces bacterial load and speeds up symptom relief.
• Keratitis: helps eradicate causative bacteria and supports corneal healing.
• Blepharitis: controls bacterial colonisation on the eyelid margin.
• Post‑surgical prophylaxis: lowers risk of infection after ocular surgery.
• Traumatic corneal ulcer: assists in eliminating infection and promoting tissue repair.

• Chloramphenicol penetrates bacterial cells and binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking the peptidyl transferase activity essential for protein synthesis. This inhibition halts bacterial growth, providing a bacteriostatic effect against a broad range of Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative organisms that may infect the eye.

Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution may cause local and systemic adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Burning sensation: mild irritation upon instillation.
• Redness: transient conjunctival hyperemia.
• Tearing: increased lacrimation.
• Foreign‑body sensation: feeling of grit.
• Blurred vision: temporary visual disturbance.
• Pruritus: itching of the ocular surface.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic contact dermatitis: erythema, swelling, and itching.
• Stevens‑Stevenson disease: rare severe skin reaction.
• Bone marrow suppression: aplastic anemia (very rare).
• Vision loss: due to severe ocular inflammation.
• Systemic toxicity: nausea, headache if absorbed in large amounts.
• Endophthalmitis: intra‑ocular infection despite therapy.

When using Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution, follow safety guidelines to minimise risks.

• Indication verification: ensure the product is prescribed for a bacterial eye infection.
• Duration of therapy: limit use to the prescribed period to avoid resistance.
• Monitoring: watch for signs of allergic reaction or worsening infection.
• Contraindications: avoid in patients with known hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol or related compounds.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed, after risk‑benefit assessment.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from light and moisture.

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