Ondansetron Milpharm (Ondansetron)

Ondansetron is used to manage nausea and vomiting by blocking the actions of serotonin in the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system.

• Chemotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting: reduces the frequency and severity of acute and delayed episodes.
• Radiation‑induced nausea and vomiting: helps control symptoms during and after radiotherapy.
• Post‑operative nausea and vomiting: decreases the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgical procedures.
• Pregnancy‑related nausea (off‑label): may be considered when conventional therapies are ineffective, under specialist specialist .
• Hyper‑emesis gravidarum: off‑label use in severe cases when benefits outweigh risks.

• Ondansetron selectively blocks serotonin (5‑HT3) receptors located on vagal afferent nerves in the gastrointestinal tract and in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brain. By inhibiting these receptors, it prevents the initiation of the vomiting reflex triggered by chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, or surgical stress, thereby reducing nausea and vomiting.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Constipation: occasional bowel movement changes.
• Diarrhoea: loose stools in a minority of patients.
• Fatigue: general tiredness or lack of energy.
• Dizziness: transient light‑headedness.
• Injection site pain (if injectable formulation): mild discomfort at the injection site.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• QT interval prolongation: may predispose to cardiac arrhythmias.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis.
• Serotonin syndrome: rare when combined with other serotonergic agents.
• Hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes in susceptible individuals.
• Severe constipation or intestinal obstruction: rare but serious gastrointestinal complication.

Ondansetron should be used with caution in patients with known cardiac conduction abnormalities, electrolyte disturbances, or a history of prolonged QT interval.

• Cardiac monitoring: obtain  
• Electrolyte assessment: check  
• Liver function testing: perform  
• Pregnancy assessment: evaluate  
• Concomitant serotonergic drugs: review 
• Store at ambient : keep 

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