Product image of Opdivo (Nivolumab) supplied by GNH India

Opdivo

Active Ingredient:
Nivolumab
Origin:
EU

Opdivo (Nivolumab)

Nivolumab, the active ingredient in Opdivo, is a monoclonal antibody presented as a sterile solution for intravenous infusion use. It is indicated for several advanced cancers and works by enhancing the body’s immune response against tumor cells.

GNH India supplies Opdivo as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving oncology centres worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Eeig

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Opdivo is a PD‑1 checkpoint inhibitor used in the treatment of various malignancies.

  • Melanoma: improves overall survival in patients with unresectable or metastatic disease.
  • Non‑small cell lung cancer: used as first‑line therapy in combination with chemotherapy for advanced disease.
  • Renal cell carcinoma: extends survival in patients with advanced clear‑cell carcinoma.
  • Classical Hodgkin lymphoma: provides durable responses in relapsed or refractory cases.
  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: enhances response rates when combined with chemotherapy.

How It Works

  • Nivolumab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds to the programmed death‑1 (PD‑1) receptor on activated T cells. By blocking the interaction between PD‑1 and its ligands PD‑L1/PD‑L2, it prevents the inhibitory signal that dampens T‑cell activity, thereby restoring immune surveillance and enabling T cells to recognize and destroy tumor cells.

Side Effects

Adverse reactions to Opdivo can vary in frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

  • Fatigue: persistent tiredness reported by many patients.
  • Rash: mild to moderate skin eruptions.
  • Pruritus: itching without visible rash.
  • Diarrhea: loose stools of varying intensity.
  • Nausea: occasional upset stomach.
  • Infusion‑related reactions: transient symptoms during administration.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Immune‑mediated pneumonitis: inflammation of lung tissue.
  • Colitis: severe inflammation of the colon.
  • Hepatitis: liver inflammation leading to elevated enzymes.
  • Endocrinopathies (e.g., hypophysitis): hormone‑axis disturbances.
  • Nephritis: kidney inflammation.
  • Severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens‑Johnson syndrome).

Precautions & Warnings

Patients receiving Opdivo should be monitored closely for immune‑related toxicities and overall clinical status.

  • Monitor for immune‑related adverse events: assess organ function regularly.
  • Evaluate baseline and periodic laboratory values: liver enzymes, renal function, thyroid hormones.
  • Manage infusion reactions promptly: have emergency medications available.
  • Avoid live vaccines during treatment: risk of infection is increased.
  • Discontinue or pause therapy for grade 3‑4 toxicities: follow established guidelines.
  • Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Avoid Interactions

Opdivo may interact with other agents that affect the immune system or share overlapping toxicities.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Concurrent use with other immune checkpoint inhibitors: heightened risk of severe immune reactions.
  • Live attenuated vaccines: contraindicated due to immunosuppression.
  • High‑dose systemic steroids used for other conditions: may reduce therapeutic efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Cytotoxic chemotherapy given concurrently: monitor for additive hematologic toxicity.
  • Corticosteroids administered for adverse‑event management: adjust dosing as needed.
  • Anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents: watch for bleeding if thrombocytopenia occurs.
  • Other immunosuppressive agents (e.g., azathioprine): may blunt immune response.

Frequently Asked Questions

Opdivo (nivolumab) is approved for several advanced cancers, including unresectable or metastatic melanoma, non‑small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. It works by enhancing the immune system’s ability to target tumor cells.

Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the PD‑1 receptor on T cells. By preventing PD‑1 from binding its ligands, the drug lifts the inhibitory signal that normally dampens immune activity, allowing T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively.

The dosing regimen for Opdivo is determined by the prescribing oncologist based on the specific indication, patient weight, and clinical factors. The prescriber will calculate the appropriate infusion volume and schedule according to approved guidelines.

Opdivo is classified as a pregnancy‑category D medication, indicating potential risk to the fetus. It is generally not recommended for use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks, and this decision should be made by a qualified healthcare professional.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the Opdivo product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies, and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details (including cold‑chain handling if needed), and necessary import documentation.

Opdivo (nivolumab) and other PD‑1 inhibitors such as pembrolizumab share a similar mechanism of blocking the PD‑1 pathway. Differences may lie in dosing schedules, approved indications, and specific clinical trial outcomes. Choice of therapy is guided by physician assessment of efficacy, safety profile, and regulatory approvals for the cancer type.

Opdivo must be stored at 2‑8 °C (refrigerated) in its original packaging, protected from light. It should not be frozen or shaken. If the product reaches room temperature, it may be used within the time frame specified in the product labeling.

Opdivo is given as an intravenous infusion over a period of 30 minutes to 1 hour, depending on the dose and clinical protocol. Infusions are performed in a healthcare setting where patients can be monitored for any immediate reactions.

Serious risks include immune‑mediated adverse events such as pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, endocrinopathies (e.g., hypophysitis), nephritis, and severe skin reactions. Early detection and prompt management are essential, and treatment may be paused or discontinued for high‑grade toxicities.

Patients with active autoimmune diseases requiring systemic immunosuppression, those receiving live vaccines, or individuals with uncontrolled infections should generally avoid Opdivo. Final eligibility is determined by the treating oncologist based on a comprehensive medical assessment.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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