Otrivine Menthol Abschwellend (Xylometazoline Hydrochloride)

Xylometazoline acts on the nasal mucosa to reduce swelling and improve airflow, making it useful for several common ENT conditions.

• Common cold: alleviates nasal blockage and improves breathing.
• Allergic rhinitis: reduces congestion associated with seasonal or perennial allergies.
• Acute sinusitis: eases nasal obstruction during early stages.
• Post‑operative nasal care: helps maintain airway patency after nasal surgery.

• Xylometazoline Hydrochloride is a selective alpha‑adrenergic agonist that stimulates alpha‑1 receptors on the vascular smooth muscle of the nasal mucosa. This causes vasoconstriction, leading to reduced blood flow, decreased mucosal edema, and consequently improved nasal airflow. The effect is localized, with minimal systemic absorption when used as directed.

Adverse reactions are generally mild and related to the local action of the spray.

Common Side Effects

• Nasal irritation or burning sensation.
• Dryness of the nasal mucosa.
• Sneezing shortly after application.
• Headache.
• Altered taste or bitter taste.
• Mild epistaxis.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Rebound nasal congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa) after prolonged use.
• Severe hypertension or hypertensive crisis.
• Cardiac arrhythmias.
• Allergic reactions such as rash, itching, or swelling.
• Nasal ulceration or perforation.
• Severe epistaxis requiring medical attention.

Use of Xylometazoline requires attention to duration, patient conditions, and proper storage.

• Use duration: limit to 3‑5 days to avoid rebound congestion.
• Pre‑existing hypertension: monitor blood pressure as vasoconstriction may elevate levels.
• Cardiovascular disease: caution in patients with arrhythmias or coronary disease.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Children under 6 years: not recommended unless advised by a physician.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C, retain in original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Xylometazoline may interact with systemic medications that affect blood pressure or cause additive nasal effects.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): risk of hypertensive crisis.
• Oral antihypertensive agents: possible additive blood pressure changes.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Other nasal decongestants: increased risk of vasoconstriction and rebound congestion.
• Beta‑blockers: may mask tachycardia symptoms.
• Alcohol: can enhance dizziness or light‑headedness.
• Tricyclic antidepressants: potential for additive cardiovascular effects.