Oxis Turbohaler (Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate)

Formoterol fumarate dihydrate is a bronchodilator that acts on the β2‑adrenergic pathway to relax airway smooth muscle.

• Asthma: improves lung function and reduces symptoms such as wheeze and shortness of breath.
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): maintains airway patency and helps prevent exacerbations.
• Exercise‑induced bronchoconstriction: provides rapid onset bronchodilation to enable physical activity.
• Seasonal allergic rhinitis with lower airway involvement: assists in controlling concurrent bronchospasm.

• Formoterol binds selectively to β2‑adrenergic receptors on airway smooth‑muscle cells, activating adenylate cyclase and increasing intracellular cyclic AMP. The rise in cAMP leads to relaxation of smooth muscle, resulting in prolonged bronchodilation lasting up to 12 hours after inhalation.

Formoterol may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are dose‑dependent and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Tremor: mild shaking of the hands.
• Headache: transient headache.
• Throat irritation: mild discomfort in the throat after inhalation.
• Cough: brief cough immediately after use.
• Palpitations: sensation of rapid or irregular heartbeat.
• Nasal congestion: mild nasal blockage.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Paradoxical bronchospasm: sudden worsening of breathing difficulty.
• Cardiac arrhythmia: irregular heart rhythm that may require medical attention.
• Hypokalemia: low blood potassium levels.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
• Hyperglycaemia: elevated blood glucose in susceptible individuals.
• Pulmonary hypertension: increased pressure in lung arteries (rare).

When using Oxis Turbohaler, patients and healthcare professionals should consider several safety measures.

• Assess respiratory status: confirm diagnosis of asthma or COPD before initiating therapy.
• Review contraindications: avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to formoterol or excipients.
• Monitor cardiac function: observe for tachycardia or arrhythmias, especially in patients with heart disease.
• Educate on inhaler technique: ensure proper device handling to achieve correct dosing.
• Evaluate pregnancy and lactation: discuss potential risks and benefits with a prescriber.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

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