Paliperidonă Stada (Paliperidone)

Paliperidone is indicated for disorders that involve psychotic symptoms and mood instability.

• Schizophrenia: Reduces frequency and severity of hallucinations, delusions and disorganized thinking.
• Schizoaffective disorder: Improves mood symptoms and psychotic features.
• Maintenance therapy: Helps prevent relapse of psychotic episodes after stabilization.

• Paliperidone acts primarily as an antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5‑HT2A receptors. By blocking dopamine transmission in mesolimbic pathways and modulating serotonergic activity, it helps to normalize neurotransmission that is thought to contribute to psychotic symptoms.

Paliperidone may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are dose‑dependent and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Akathisia: Restlessness and an urge to move constantly.
• Weight gain: Increased appetite leading to modest weight increase.
• Dry mouth: Reduced salivation causing a dry oral cavity.
• Constipation: Slowed gastrointestinal motility.
• Drowsiness: Generalised fatigue or sedation.
• Elevated prolactin: Menstrual changes or galactorrhoea.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Potentially life‑threatening reaction with fever and muscle rigidity.
• Tardive dyskinesia: Involuntary, repetitive movements that may become permanent.
• Seizures: Increased risk of convulsive episodes.
• Cardiac arrhythmias: QT‑interval prolongation that can lead to serious rhythm disturbances.
• Hyperglycaemia: Marked rise in blood glucose levels, especially in diabetic patients.
• Severe hypotension: Sudden drop in blood pressure causing dizziness or fainting.

Paliperidone requires careful monitoring in several clinical situations.

• Cardiovascular assessment: Baseline ECG and periodic monitoring for QT prolongation.
• Metabolic monitoring: Check fasting glucose and lipid profile regularly.
• Movement disorders: Observe for early signs of tardive dyskinesia or akathisia.
• Pregnancy and lactation: Use only if the potential benefit outweighs risk to the fetus or infant.
• Drug‑interaction vigilance: Review concomitant medications for CYP‑related effects.
• Store at ambient temperature: Keep below 25 °C, in the original packaging, protected from moisture.

Paliperidone can interact with several drug classes, altering its efficacy or safety profile. Major Interactions (Avoid):\n- Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole): May increase paliperidone plasma levels and raise toxicity risk.

• Strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampicin, carbamazepine): May reduce paleneridise ").

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antihistamines, anticholinergics ant .

-  "). d