Palonosétron Juta (Palonosetron)

Palonosetron is employed across several chemotherapy‑related pathways to control nausea and vomiting.

• Chemotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): Provides effective prophylaxis of acute and delayed CINV in adult patients.
• Post‑operative nausea and vomiting (PONV): Reduces incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery when used as part of a multimodal regimen.
• Radiotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting: Helps mitigate nausea associated with certain radiotherapy protocols.
• Antiemetic prophylaxis in stem‑cell transplantation: Supports control of nausea and vomiting during high‑dose chemotherapy conditioning regimens.

• Palonosetron binds with high affinity to the 5‑HT₃ receptors on peripheral vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the brainstem, blocking serotonin-mediated activation of the vomiting centre. Its prolonged receptor occupancy and allosteric modulation produce sustained anti‑emetic activity that extends beyond the plasma half‑life, reducing both acute and delayed phases of chemotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting.

Palonosetron is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Constipation: occasional bowel movement changes.
• Fatigue: transient tiredness.
• Dizziness: brief episodes of light‑headedness.
• Injection site erythema: mild redness at the infusion site.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reaction: rash, pruritus, or anaphylaxis.
• QT prolongation: cardiac rhythm changes detectable on ECG.
• Serotonin syndrome: rare when combined with other serotonergic agents.
• Severe hypotension: notable drop in blood pressure.
• Persistent vomiting despite therapy: may indicate inadequate response.

When using Palonosetron, consider the following safety measures:

• Cardiac monitoring: patients with known QT prolongation should be evaluated before administration.
• Drug interactions: review concomitant serotonergic medications for additive effects.
• Pregnancy: use only if the potential benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.
• Breastfeeding: assess risk versus benefit, as limited data are available.
• Renal/hepatic impairment: dose adjustment may be required in severe dysfunction.
• Store at below 25°C: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and light.

Palonosetron may interact with several drug classes; clinicians 

Major Interactions (Avoid)

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