Palonosetron Fresenius Kabi (Palonosetron Hydrochloride)

Palonosetron Fresenius Kabi is a selective 5‑HT₃ receptor antagonist used in the management of chemotherapy‑related nausea and vomiting.

• Chemotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): helps prevent both acute and delayed episodes in adult patients receiving moderately to highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
• Post‑operative nausea and vomiting (PONV): reduces the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia.
• Radiotherapy‑induced nausea and vomiting: mitigates nausea associated with high‑dose radiation treatments.
• Antiemetic prophylaxis in stem‑cell transplantation: provides nausea control during conditioning regimens.
• Nausea related to other emetogenic agents: offers relief when other drugs may cause vomiting.
• Adjunctive antiemetic therapy: used in combination with other antiemetics for broader coverage.

• Palonosetron binds with high affinity to the 5‑HT₃ receptors located on vagal afferent nerves in the gastrointestinal tract and the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brain. By blocking these receptors, it prevents serotonin‑mediated signaling that triggers the vomiting reflex, providing a prolonged anti‑emetic effect that can last up to 72 hours after a single dose.

Palonosetron is generally well‑tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate headache reported in clinical studies.
• Constipation: occasional reduced bowel movements.
• Fatigue: transient feeling of tiredness.
• Dizziness: light‑headed sensations.
• Injection site reactions: mild erythema or discomfort at the site of administration.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Hypersensitivity reactions: rash, pruritus, or anaphylaxis.
• Cardiac arrhythmias: QT‑interval prolongation in susceptible individuals.
• Severe constipation or intestinal obstruction.
• Serotonin syndrome: rare when combined with other serotonergic agents.
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: extremely rare but reported.

• Palonosetron should be administered ​​​  ​  
• -  
• g    ...