Pantoprazol I.V. Reig Jofre (Pantoprazole)

Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to manage conditions involving excess gastric acid secretion.

• Gastro‑esophageal reflux disease (GERD): provides relief of heartburn and promotes healing of erosive esophagitis.
• Peptic ulcer disease: supports ulcer healing and reduces risk of recurrence.
• Zollinger‑Ellison syndrome: controls hyper‑secretion of gastric acid in this rare endocrine disorder.
• Prevention of stress‑related mucosal damage: reduces incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in critically‑ill patients.

• Pantoprazole selectively inhibits the H+/K+‑ATPase enzyme (the gastric proton pump) located on the secretory surface of parietal cells. By binding covalently to the pump’s cysteine residues, it blocks the final step of acid production, leading to a prolonged reduction in gastric acidity and an elevated gastric pH.

Pantoprazole is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Diarrhea: typically self‑limiting.
• Nausea: occasional and transient.
• Abdominal pain: mild discomfort.
• Flatulence: excess gas.
• Constipation: occasional bowel habit change.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Clostridioides difficile infection: severe colitis risk.
• Acute interstitial nephritis: renal inflammation.
• Severe hypersensitivity reactions: rash, angioedema, anaphylaxis.
• Hepatotoxicity: elevated liver enzymes.
• Low magnesium levels: hypomagnesemia with prolonged use.
• Bone fractures: increased risk with long‑term therapy.

Pantoprazole should be used with consideration of patient‑specific factors and monitoring requirements.

• Renal impairment: dose adjustment may be required.
• Hepatic impairment: use with caution in severe liver disease.
• Elderly patients: monitor for electrolyte disturbances.
• Concomitant use with clopidogrel: may reduce antiplatelet effect.
• Pregnancy and lactation: assess risk‑benefit before use.
• Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated; protect the solution against light and do not freeze.

Pantoprazole may interact with several medications, influencing their absorption or activity.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Clopidogrel: reduced efficacy .
• Atazanavir: decreased absorption.
• Dasatinib: lowered plasma levels.

Moderate Interaction ​​   ​  :

• Warfarin: potential INR‑increase .
• Phenytoin: altered metabolism .
• Ketamine     

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