Paralgin Forte (Codeine Phosphate Sesquihydrate, Paracetamol)

Paralgin Forte combines a weak opioid with a non‑opioid analgesic, acting on pain pathways to provide relief in several common conditions.

• Headache: reduces pain intensity and associated discomfort.
• Dental pain: alleviates postoperative or inflammatory dental discomfort.
• Musculoskeletal pain: eases aches and strains of muscles and joints.
• Fever: lowers elevated body temperature in acute febrile states.
• Minor injury pain: provides symptomatic relief after cuts, bruises or sprains.

• Codeine is a pro‑drug that is metabolised by hepatic CYP 2D6 to morphine, which then binds to µ‑opioid receptors in the central nervous system, diminishing pain signal transmission. Paracetamol acts centrally by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis and thereby lowering pain perception and fever.

Paralgin Forte may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are dose‑dependent and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea or vomiting
• Constipation
• Drowsiness or mild sedation
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth
• Sweating

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Respiratory depression
• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, skin rash)
• Hepatotoxicity with excessive paracetamol exposure
• Opioid dependence or withdrawal syndrome
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Seizures (rare)

When using Paralgin Forte, consider the following safety measures:

• Assess pain severity: ensure the product matches the intensity of the patient's pain.
• Review medical history: check for respiratory disorders, liver disease, or opioid sensitivity.
• Avoid alcohol: concurrent use can increase sedation and respiratory risk.
• Monitor for dependence: limit duration of use to the shortest effective period.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C in the original packaging, protected from moisture.

Paralgin Forte can interact with several other medicines, altering its effectiveness or safety profile.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• CNS depressants: may enhance sedation and respiratory depression.
• MAO inhibitors: can precipitate severe opioid reactions.
• Strong CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., fluoxetine) reduce conversion of codeine to morphine.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Alcohol: increases risk of drowsiness and gastrointestinal upset.
• Anticoagulants (warfarin): may increase bleeding risk with high‑dose paracetamol.\n