Istradefylline (Nourianz)

Storage/Handling:

Store at room temperature of 20°C to 25°C and protect from moisture and heat.

Uses of Istradefylline (Nourianz):

Nourianz 20 mg is prescribed alongside levodopa and carbidopa to manage "off" episodes in adults with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Product Introduction:

Nourianz is a prescription medication known by its brand name. It's approved by the FDA for the treatment of "off" episodes associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in adults who are already taking levodopa/carbidopa (sold under brand names such as Sinemet, Duopa, Rytary).

"Off" episodes, also known as off time or off periods, occur when Parkinson's disease symptoms suddenly worsen due to the wearing off of levodopa/carbidopa's effects or inadequate drug efficacy.

The active ingredient in Nourianz is istradefylline, and it belongs to a class of drugs called adenosine receptor antagonists. (A drug class consists of drugs that operate similarly.)

Nourianz is available in tablet form for oral administration, with strengths of 20 milligrams (mg) and 40 mg.

While Nourianz can be effective, it may also cause mild to severe side effects. Notably, due to the potential risk of hallucinations or psychotic behaviors, Nourianz may not be suitable for individuals with specific mental health conditions. It's crucial to discuss any existing medical conditions with your doctor before starting Nourianz to determine its safety and suitability for you.

Side Effects of Istradefylline (Nourianz):

Medications may exhibit specific side effects during their use. The following outlines some of the potential nourianz side effects -

Common Nourianz side effects may include:
#dizziness
#constipation
#nausea
#insomnia (trouble sleeping)
#decreased appetite
#upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold
#diarrhea

Many of these side effects typically resolve within a short period, ranging from a few days to a couple of weeks. However, if they persist or worsen, it's important to discuss them with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Some serious Nourianz side effects include -
#allergic reaction
#dyskinesia (uncontrollable and unusual movements)
#hallucinations or psychotic behaviors
#trouble controlling impulses

Drug Interactions:

Occasionally, it's unsafe to combine certain medications simultaneously. Some drugs have the potential to influence the blood levels of other medications you're taking, potentially heightening side effects or reducing their effectiveness.

Istradefylline may interact with various other medications, including both prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as vitamins and herbal products. It's crucial to inform your doctor about all the medications you're currently taking and any new ones you start or discontinue.

How Istradefylline (Nourianz) Works:

Nourianz (istradefylline) is classified as an anti-Parkinson medication. Its mechanism of action in treating Parkinson's disease symptoms isn't entirely elucidated, but it's believed to involve the blocking of adenosine receptors. Adenosine receptors play a role in brain function, and in Parkinson's disease, there's an excessive adenosine activity. By inhibiting these receptors, Nourianz (istradefylline) may contribute to the improvement of movement.

This medication, when used in combination with other treatments, aims to restore a more balanced relationship between voluntary and involuntary movements in the body. It's hypothesized that this mechanism helps to mitigate off episodes associated with Parkinson's disease.

Safety Instructions For Istradefylline (Nourianz):

ALCOHOL Exercise caution The potential interaction between alcohol and Nourianz is uncertain. If you consume alcohol, it's advisable to consult your physician regarding the safe amount, if any, to drink while undergoing Nourianz treatment. PREGNANCY Unsafe Using Nourianz during pregnancy is not recommended. Clinical trials assessing the drug's safety during pregnancy are lacking. If you are pregnant or considering pregnancy, it's essential to discuss the use of Nourianz 20 mg with your healthcare provider. BREAST FEEDING Inform your doctor The safety of taking Nourianz while breastfeeding is uncertain. There is insufficient information regarding whether the drug passes into human breast milk and, if so, whether it can cause adverse effects in a breastfed infant. Driving Exercise caution Be cautious when driving or operating machinery while taking Nourianz 20 mg. This medication may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or other side effects that could impair your ability to perform these tasks safely. If you experience such side effects, refrain from driving or operating machinery until you feel alert and capable. LIVER Inform your doctor Inform your healthcare provider about any existing liver conditions before starting Nourianz 20 mg. They can assess the potential impact of the medication on liver function and recommend appropriate monitoring or adjustments to ensure your safety. KIDNEY Inform your doctor If you have kidney issues or are undergoing kidney-related treatment, inform your healthcare provider before using Nourianz 20 mg. They can evaluate the suitability of the medication for your condition and make necessary adjustments to ensure its safe use. CHILDREN Not recommended Nourianz 20 mg is not intended for use in children without the guidance of a healthcare provider. Keep the medication out of reach of children and follow your healthcare provider's instructions for dosage and administration. Only use Nourianz 20 mg under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.

Habit Forming:

No

Remember:

1. Inform your doctor about all medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and dietary or herbal supplements.
2. Nourianz is given with levodopa and carbidopa to treat "wearing-off" episodes (muscle stiffness, loss of muscle control) in people with Parkinson's disease.
3. Nourianz is usually taken once per day. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully. You may take Nourianz with or without food.
4. Seek medical help right away if you experience serious eye symptoms such as sudden vision loss, blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain or swelling, or seeing halos around lights.
5. Nourianz is not recommended for use during pregnancy; it may harm a fetus. Women of childbearing potential are advised to use contraception during treatment with Nourianz.
6. Parkinson's disease is a common age-related and progressive disease of brain cells (brain disorder) that affect movement, loss of muscle control, and balance.
7. Signs of an allergic reaction to Nourianz 20 mg includes hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

FAQs:

1. What is Nourianz 20 mg used for?

Nourianz (istradefylline) 20 mg is a prescription medication used as an adjunctive treatment to levodopa/carbidopa in adult patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing "off" episodes.

2. How does Nourianz 20 mg work?

Nourianz works by blocking the adenosine A2A receptors in the brain, which helps to improve motor function and reduce the frequency and duration of "off" episodes in people with Parkinson's disease.

3. How should I take Nourianz 20 mg?

Nourianz is typically taken orally once daily with or without food. The recommended starting dose is 20 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and tolerability.

4. Are there any medications or foods to avoid while taking Nourianz 20 mg?

Certain medications, such as theophylline and caffeine, may interact with Nourianz and increase the risk of side effects. It's essential to inform your doctor about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting Nourianz. Limiting caffeine intake may also be advisable.

5. How long does it take for Nourianz 20 mg to start working?

The onset of action of Nourianz may vary from person to person. Some patients may experience improvements in motor function within weeks of starting treatment, while others may require more time. It's essential to be patient and follow your doctor's instructions.

6. What should I do if I miss a dose of Nourianz 20 mg?

If you miss a dose of Nourianz, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

7. Can Nourianz 20 mg be stopped suddenly?

It's essential not to stop taking Nourianz abruptly without consulting your healthcare provider. Suddenly stopping Nourianz may lead to a worsening of Parkinson's symptoms or withdrawal effects. Your doctor may gradually reduce the dose before discontinuing the medication.