Levor 5 Mg/Ml (Levofloxacin Hemihydrate)

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

• Community‑acquired pneumonia: eradicates the causative pathogens, leading to clinical improvement and resolution of infection.
• Complicated urinary tract infections: eliminates bacterial load in the urinary tract, facilitating recovery and preventing progression.
• Skin and soft tissue infections: clears the infection in dermal and subdermal tissues, promoting healing.
• Intra‑abdominal infections: treats polymicrobial infections within the abdominal cavity, supporting patient recovery.

• Levofloxacin binds to the ATP‑binding sites of bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA supercoiling, replication, and transcription. Inhibition of these enzymes prevents DNA strand separation, leading to bactericidal activity against a wide spectrum of Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive organisms.

Levofloxacin may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying in frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate stomach upset.
• Diarrhea: loose stools, often self‑limiting.
• Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
• Rash: mild skin erythema or pruritus.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Tendon rupture: especially Achilles tendon, may occur during or after therapy.
• QT interval prolongation: risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
• Severe hypersensitivity: anaphylaxis or Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
• Central nervous system effects: seizures or confusion.

When prescribing Levofloxacin, clinicians should consider several precautionary measures to minimize risk.

• Renal impairment: adjust dose or monitor renal function.
• History of tendon disorders: avoid use or use with caution.
• Cardiac risk: assess QT interval before therapy.
• Pregnancy category C: use only if benefits outweigh risks.
• Concomitant CNS active drugs: monitor for seizures.
• Store at 2‑8 °C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Levofloxacin can interact with other medicines, affecting its efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium: reduce absorption; separate administration by at least 2 hours.
• Warfarin: may increase INR; monitor coagulation parameters closely.
• Cyclosporine: increased serum levels; monitor for toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Theophylline: may raise plasma concentrations; observe for toxicity.
• NSAIDs: increased risk of CNS stimulation; watch for seizures.
• Diabetic agents (e.g., insulin, sulfonylureas): may cause hypoglycemia; monitor blood glucose.